TV Input Lag Test Database

Among the many tests we carry out on all flat-screen HDTVs we review these days is to measure their input lag, which is arguably the most important attribute for a responsive gaming experience when playing video games on these displays. Traditionally we have used a digital stopwatch plus high-speed camera combination to get an idea of how much a television lags behind a CRT monitor (which is for all intents and purposes lag-free), but lately we’ve added another tool to our arsenal in the form of the Leo Bodnar lag tester which takes a lot less time and is more convenient to use.

Please use the following table (Javascript needs to be enabled) to sort all the TVs we’ve reviewed on which input lag has been measured either via the Leo Bodnar device or the conventional high-speed camera method. You can even filter the list by TV brand, display technology (LED LCD or plasma), screen size and rating.

Input Lag Results Database

Disclaimer: While this chart is designed to help you find the best gaming HDTV with the lowest input lag, the listed results are limited to the reviews available in our database.

What Is Input Lag?

This refers to the delay from the moment a display receives a signal from a game controller (for example, by moving the analog stick or pressing a button) to the results manifesting on screen. As modern flat-panel televisions come with more and more features included (motion-compensated frame interpolation, backlight dimming, 3D capabilities, smart functionalities, etc.), more time is required to perform complex video processing, unfortunately contributing to higher input lag.

From our experience, input lag is never made known by TV makers, who instead prefer to advertise a figure called “response time” which measures the time taken for a pixel to switch from either black to white or grey to grey (depending on which is more flattering). As a result, almost all input lag data available on the internet comes from end users rather than manufacturers.

Up until 2012, the main method used by those who do not have access to advanced (and expensive) oscilloscope-grade instruments to measure input lag involves cloning a digital stopwatch on two displays (one being a reference – usually CRT), and then using a camera to capture both screens in one picture at sufficiently high shutter speed. The input lag, measured in miliseconds (ms), is the difference between the two stopwatch times recorded simultaneously.

Camera method

However, the results obtained using this cloned stopwatch/ high-speed camera method are very seldom consistent (due to screen refresh and other variables), which is why we often have to take at least 10 readings, and average the numbers on an Excel spreadsheet.

Leo Bodnar Lag Tester

Last year, Leo Bodnar, a British engineer who primarily designs high-precision racing simulation gear, introduced a new device that simplifies this whole process. The ingenious gadget, named after the inventor, is basically a small, dual-AA-battery-powered box with a trigger button, an HDMI output, and a photosensor.

Holding down the button sends a signal consisting of 3 flashing white bars on a black background over HDMI to the television being measured. By placing the photosensor over one of the bars (we typically use the middle one), the device would calculate the time taken from signal transmission to the white bar(s) appearing on the TV – the result would then be displayed on screen as a number in ms.

Leo Bodnar lag tester

The principle behind Leo Bodnar’s input lag tester is so elegant (send a signal and then measure the delay directly) that we wondered why no one else had thought of it before. That said, despite its speed and convenience, there are a couple of things to bear in mind when interpreting its results, especially when compared against the traditional stopwatch/camera method.

1) The Numbers Are Generally Higher

The results generated by the Leo Bodnar lag tester are usually higher than the figures obtained using the cloned digital stopwatch/ high-speed camera method. This is because the latter requires the use of another display as reference (therefore any further lag on the reference display, however low, would have been subtracted from the final figure), whereas the former directly measures a TV’s input lag PLUS pixel response time without any intermediary.

What does this mean? When you read about an HDTV’s input lag result (in miliseconds), it’s important to know if the number was obtained using Leo Bodnar’s device or the photo method. As a rough rule of thumb, we wouldn’t mind playing video games which demand fast reflexes (e.g. first-person shooters like Call Of Duty, Halo or Battlefield 3) on TVs whose input lag measured 33ms or below (i.e. 2 frames or less) using the stopwatch/camera method, or 40ms or less via the Leo Bodnar lag tester.

Obviously, the lower the input lag, the greater the responsiveness, so if you’re an FPS veteran looking for a top-notch, fantastically fluid gaming experience, we recommend getting a television with input lag measuring not more than 16ms (photo) or 25ms (Leo Bodnar) respectively.

2) It’s Harsher On Plasma TVs

Note: This section was written with significant input from our chief reviewer David Mackenzie.

When we first got our hands on the Leo Bodnar device, we were surprised when we obtained (nearly) the same 48ms figure from a Panasonic ST50 PDP (plasma display panel) and a new Panasonic ET60 LED LCD (both running in their fastest Game mode). From our experience of playing a decent amount of first-person shooter games online, the Panasonic ST50 is a total joy to play on compared to the LCD. The former feels considerably smoother than the latter, but both are returning basically the same figure.

Or, put another way, we can believe the figures returned by the lag tester, but began to wonder if it’s being harsher on plasmas. Here’s our theory on why this is.

An LCD-based display updates the screen from top to bottom, one line at a time, which means that a player’s brain cannot make sense of a part of the image until it has been completely rendered. The LCD’s top-to-bottom addressing can be seen with the Leo Bodnar lag tester: measuring the top patch tends to give a lower number than measuring the centre patch from our tests. However, on a PDP, the result is always the same on both patches.

Slow-motion video of LCD’s top-to-bottom refresh (Credit: YouTube)

Because plasma displays work by flashing the screen several times just to draw one video frame, on a PDP, an intermediate image doesn’t look half-drawn in the same way that it would on an LCD. Instead, it would have very low gradation (and brightness). In theory, this means that the player has a better chance of seeing the entire gameplay screen, albeit not at full quality, since the subfield drive throws out different steps of the dynamic range quickly just to draw one fully-gradated frame.

Slowmo video of a plasma’s pulsing subfield drive (Credit: YouTube)

This is the key difference according to our theory. On the LCD, obviously our eyes can’t make sense of parts of the frame which haven’t been drawn yet (parts of the frame are either fully rendered or not), but on the plasma, we get extra temporal precision in the feedback loop, since we can see rough versions of the frames before they’re even fully drawn. And, in a fast-paced game, our brain doesn’t care if it’s seeing incomplete images – it should still be able to make out rough outlines and shapes.

The incomplete frames don’t necessarily even have to be coherent to our eyes. Even if we can detect the screen responding to our finger movements at all, it should be enough to make the game feel much more responsive.

In isolation, and for slow-paced games, this is all basically moot. But in a first-person shooter (even one which only runs at 30 frames per second) or racing game, etc, where the entire screen is moving and split-second decisions count, we think the PDP’s subfield drive helps tremendously in making the gameplay feel smooth. After all, in reality, playing fast-paced games is a continuous feedback loop between the player and the screen.

How does this explain why plasma televisions that feel much more responsive are shortchanged by the Leo Bodnar input lag tester which returns a higher figure? Well, we surmised that the flashing white bars need to hit a specific brightness threshold before they can be picked up by the device’s photosensor for lag time calculation: if you decrease or increase the on-screen luminance using the TV’s [Contrast] or [Backlight] control, the Leo Bodnar’s lag number should rise or drop correspondingly.

A plasma’s subframe, while not bright enough to trigger the photosensor, can readily be perceived by us in the sensorial feedback loop, thus accounting for the discrepancy between the displayed input lag figure and the actual responsiveness of a PDP. Ironically, the older stopwatch/camera method – though inconsistent – is capable of capturing subframes before they’re fully drawn (since it’s not limited by any luminance threshold, and the shutter speed is much higher than the panel refresh rate), and so more accurately reflects how responsive a PDP is. This is the reason why we continue to run both tests on most HDTVs we review despite the photo method being such a labour-intensive process.

Key Takeaways

  • When reading a published input lag figure, find out if it’s taken using the traditional stopwatch cloning/ high-speed camera method or with the newer Leo Bodnar lag tester device. Because the latter generally returns a higher number than the former, comparison between different displays is most meaningful when the same method is used.
  • The camera method would appear to take into account the difference caused by a plasma’s subfield driving method in a way which the Leo Bodnar lag tester does not.
  • For the photo method, an input lag between 16ms and 33ms is good; ≤ 16ms is excellent.
  • A Leo Bodnar-derived figure between 25ms and 40ms is good; ≤ 25ms is excellent.

Game Mode

Most TV manufacturers include a feature called [Game Mode] on their HDTVs, which serves to reduce input lag by cutting down on various video processing applied to the picture on screen. Although enabling [Game Mode] is normally enough to minimise lag, on certain models better results can be attained using special tricks. Here’s a brand-by-brand breakdown of how to achieve the lowest input lag on the 2013 TVs we’ve reviewed to date:

  • Panasonic: [Picture] > [Option Settings] > [Game Mode] “On
  • Samsung: Press the [Source] button on the remote, hover over HDMI, press the [Tool] button, select [Edit Name], then select [PC].
  • Sony: [Scene Select] > [Game]

Of course, there might exist minor differences between specific TV models to obtain the lowest lag, so feel free to check out our individual reviews for more details.

33 comments

  1. Great article to read, especially about the Leo Bodnar device being used on a PDP.

    Our house needs a second flat screen TV (~55″ – 60″) but I’m determined to get one with a very low Input Lag result. e.g. 1 frame (17ms or there abouts)
    I would prefer an LCD/LED TV though because of the low power use and less heat given off but I would consider a Plasma.

    Question:
    So when we readers are going over a PDP Input Lag test is it better for us to look at the result you guys got from the stopwatch/camera method than the Leo Bodnar deivce?

  2. @bender: That’s the idea yes, the stopwatch/camera method gives a more accurate indication of the lag on plasmas.

    Warmest regards
    Vincent

  3. I am planning on buying a new TV to replace my Sammy 46″ 630B. The input lag stinks. Game mode is a little better but not great and it doesn’t look good.

    My question is, during your tests, did you have the TV on game mode? I would prefer to use a TV for gaming w/o putting on Game Mode, to keep the best looking picture.

  4. @John S: Yes, we usually jot down the lowest input lag measurement from whichever picture preset we use, which most of the time happens to be [Game] mode.

    Warmest regards
    Vincent

  5. Can u pls conduct an ‘input lag test for Samsung PS51F5500. It’s a 2013 Plasma TV which is selling well because of its good price value just falls short of the Panasonic ST50.

  6. Samsung PN64F8500 64-Inch 1080p 600Hz 3D Smart Plasma HDTV needs a review and I know a lot of us at AVS forums are waithing for 65 to 80 input lag tests from you guys! Good job on what you have so far!!!

    Brae

  7. P.S. I’m looking at getting the Samsung UN75F7100 75-Inch for gaming after you guys test it so hurry up!

  8. Ive input lag tested Pioneer Kuro PDP-LX6090H G9.
    It has excactly 53 ms input lag in 720p mode with game mode on and many filters off.
    1080p dot by dot mode is yet untested..

  9. Great read, I used to read both your reviews & avforums’ but from now on I will trust yours regarding input lag.

  10. were your lag tests done with game mode enabled?

  11. @jo ny: Yes, we only record the lowest lag in this table, which is usually with [Game Mode] enabled.

  12. I feel that it is sad that even with the new Super Smash Bros. game coming out in HD, I will have to play it on a CRT still because it has to have 0 frames of lag.

  13. Can I ask if you are planning to add to this list with the new Sony ranges etc?
    Im looking at the KDL40R483, but cant find reviews for it?

  14. Its okay Ive just found you saying elsewhere you dont plan to review this model :(
    A shame but I do appreciate its not always possible.

  15. One thing that is always missing from reviews is the input port and resolution used to test the input lag. It’s fair to assume that feeding a 1080p signal via HDMI on a native 1080p display produces better results than using 480p on the same input as the TV would need to scale the image to full screen. In fact there are several processing steps that could add to the input lag:

    – Using analogue video signals as the video source
    – Scaling a non-native aspect ratio to full-screen
    – Scaling a non-native resolution to full-screen

    I would therefore propose to include a table in all reviews that list for each signal type and input resolution the measured input lag.

  16. Thanks for ths excellent review. I’ve just purchased the EH-TW5200 “gaming” projector, and I’m eager to know if it lives up to its claims of lag-free gaming. The average human reaction time is around 250ms, so if it’s a case of “who shoots” first in a game, then somebody with a 20-30ms head start is at a serious advantage!

    Is it irony that an old CRT telly is actually quicker!

  17. Vincent you can add Samsung UE40H5500, it has only 10ms in its game mode.
    Source: http://www.techradar.com/news/television/tv/tr-top-10-best-tvs-for-gaming-2015-1289344

  18. Vincent, would you be able to test input lag again on the Panasonic TX-55ax902b as there has been a firmware update during March which seems to have reduced lag by some owners views. Thanks, very tempting tv if the lag is addressed :)

  19. @Ant: Thanks for the info… I’ll retest input lag when I get the chance.

    Warmest regards
    Vincent

  20. Michael N. Petersen

    Guys, I’ve been in touch with those selling the Leo Bodnar device and they tell me, the device can measure in 720P and 1080P. How did you measure the 4K televisions?

    Here’s the answer from them:
    ——————————————-

    Hello Michael,

    Thank you for your enquiry.

    Providing the 4k television can also output a 1080p signal (which presumably it does) then the lagtester will work however it cannot output 4k as this is well beyond it’s capabilities. The input lag could well be different between 1080p and 4k so it will more than likely not be able to give you an accurate representation of the results you require for 4k unfortunately.

    Best Regards
    John Beeson

    —————————————-

    Best regards,

    Michael N. Petersen

  21. Hello your reviews are great!! I have a question does back light and contrast has anything to do with input lag? What i mean is if my sony 55w700b hdtv has a backight of 7 and max contrast ( by default) will it effect my input lag or do i have to lower the contrast to say 90 and backlight to 5? Will i get better input lag? I read everywhere that max contrast can damage the picture quality and hdtv as well but in game mode of my hdtv it is already @ max by default with backlight set to 7? One more question please about gamma in game mode it is @ 0 by default but if i set it to 2.4 which is -2 like u said in ur reviews and i feel it makes the picure very nice will this effect my input lag? I would really appreciate your response. Thank you!!!!

  22. Michael N. Petersen

    Guys, when you made the measurement of the 4K TV’s, did the TV run in 4K or FULL HD? According to some, the results will vary alot depending on it running 4K or FULL HD

  23. After reading this article, I still don’t understand how this Leo Bodnar’s input lag tester working. I understand the old way to compare to CRT monitor to get input lag. But with HDMI digital input I’m not clear how the input lag tester now to compare (how HDMI digital signal converts to analog signal for the real measurement comparison). I’ll appreciate if I can get more detail measurement info. Besides, as above one comment mentioned, the input lag depends on the TV settings and TV resolutions, will this input lag tester cover all kinds of video resolutions including 4k in an upgraded revision?

  24. my samsung tv has almost 0 input lag with playing at 720p, yes its ~0 Input lap, it refresh at the same or even faster than the Wii U pad, I know because I have tested it and i have evidence.

  25. It can be usefull fot some of you: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lb4GTrvJKYg

    This ist simple way how to check input lag.

  26. How about vizio tv’s? I saw posts that this is 1 of the best gaming tv’s

  27. Hi, sorry to tell you but all your test of input lag for 4K done with Leo Bodnar not so relevant.
    Leo Bodnar not have 4k test , so what is a point to test input lag on 4k monitor and not do proper test ?
    yes 1080p for game consoles and Leo Bodnar = ok
    but how about 4K PC gaming ? 4K gaming will give other results, native resolution will work faster I hope.
    if I am looking to buy 4K TV for games I will not play on 1080p.
    I hope you get the point , looks like will need to do camera tests again on 4k.
    last year Leo Bodnar told me they will have 4k tester , but nothing out yet :-\

  28. Hi Vincent, I’ve been using your website for a good few years now. I was very happy to see you build your success over into you tube. I’ve always admired your dedication to proper testing and actually showing and explaining the results as usually with reviews that data is usually left behind the scenes.

    I’m looking at getting a new TV and I’m a big gamer and I got my last TV based on your input lag spreadsheet. Are you going to be updating the spreadsheet again?

    Many thanks and keep up the great work.

  29. Great job! Do you outline all of your blog posts? I’ve read a few of them now and they are way higher quality than other blogs I’ve read.

  30. It’s been a long time I actually pulled out a piece of paper to take notes on a blog post. Thanks for this. You’ve earned yourself a new reader!

  31. Very nice article. I definitely love this site.
    Continue the good work!

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